Python vs Java in 2021: Which is Better Suited for you?
Python and Java are both leading object-oriented programming languages with advanced features. Both play a major role in the development of web and mobile applications. Both languages consists of vast functionalities, efficiency and automation capabilities.
We shall compare these two exceptional programming languages and assess the performance of both based on various factors. Some of the comparison parameters that we will be looking at include syntaxes, popularity, performance ratio, etc. We will also see whether these OOPs languages are good for Machine Learning, Data Analysis, Data Science, etc.
Python is a high-level programming language broadly used to build the acute functionalities of the applications. It simplifies complicated tasks by utilizing various in-built library functions.
Overview
Java is alike to C++ and is also an object-oriented language. It is used to build strong, responsive, and highly interactive applications. The technology is completely object-oriented and supports several open-source libraries, which makes Java application development easy. All the java programs are compiled on a java virtual machine. A few popular java frameworks are Spring, Hibernate, JSF, Swing, etc.
Python is a high-level programming language broadly used to build the acute functionalities of the applications. It simplifies complicated tasks by utilizing various in-built library functions. It also supports GUI (Graphical User Interface). Django, Web2Py, Flask, Bottle, CherryPy are some of the popular Python frameworks.
Major Features of Java
It has an object-oriented approach, which means that the focus is on representing the structure and behavior of information into small units that combine both data and process.
It has a vast array of open-source development that provides developers various options to develop innovatively. It is platform-independent as well.
Major features of Python
Python is used by most programmers today. Python offers a wide range of testing frameworks.
Python has exclusive libraries that are object-oriented and makes the language more productive and high-level programming language It offers a significant integration feature for Django development.
Popular Websites that are developed using Java Frameworks:
- Amazon
- YouTube
- Stack Overflow
- Java World
Popular organization’s websites developed using Python include:
- Netflix
- Instacart
- Spotify
- Dropbox
Benefits and Limitations of Java
Benefits
Java is an OOPs language that is to use, write, compile, debug, and learn.
It is platform-independent, which means the code that is executed once, can run it anywhere. The Java community is unequaled. It has a vast system of libraries and frameworks.
The memory is split into two parts, that is heap and stack. Whenever a variable is declared JVM gives memory from either stack or heap space. It helps to keep the information and restore it comfortably.
Limitations
- Memory-consuming and significantly slower than Python
- The default look of GUI applications built in Java using the Swing toolkit is very different from the Python GUI application
- At times the code is verbose, which means several words are used, making the codes hard to debug, less scannable and readable.
Benefits and Limitations of Python
Benefits
Python is a high dynamic language and extremely simple to use, it is an interpreted language meaning the code is itself executed line by line. It is also platform-independent, which means you can write the code only once and then run it anywhere.
Limitations
- Python uses a large amount of memory because it provides efficiency.
- When it comes to databases, Python is vulnerable as its database is underdeveloped compared to the other popular frameworks.
- Python lacks in mobile computing and is mostly used for the programming server-side.
Both Python and Java frameworks are most preferred for various reasons for respective applications. However, Python is more suited for:
- Machine Learning Apps
- Graphic Designing and Image Processing
- Operating Systems
- Prototyping
- Games
Java is more preferred for applications such as:
- Desktop GUI Apps
- Embedded Systems and Enterprise Solutions
- Mobile Applications
- Middleware Products
Note: For the above-given examples both the language can be used, however generally in these sectors those respective languages are preferred.
Conclusion
All things considering, it is still difficult to say which language is superior to the other even after comparing programming languages on various parameters. However, it can be said Python is slightly better to use in developing an application as it provides a high-level concept of programming. Nevertheless, the choice of the most suitable framework also depends on the application that a developer is looking to build. If you are an aspirant who is looking to start your journey into development and coding, you can choose any one amongst the two, based on your preference.
